| HS Code | 200999 |
| Product Name | Polyisobutylene HRD-13 |
| Chemical Name | Polyisobutylene |
| Cas Number | 9003-27-4 |
| Chemical Formula | (C4H8)n |
| Appearance | Colorless to pale yellow viscous liquid |
| Molecular Weight Mn | 1300 g/mol |
| Density At 15c | 0.89-0.92 g/cm3 |
| Specific Gravity | 0.89-0.92 |
| Viscosity At 100c | 210-250 cSt |
| Vinylidene Content | 80-85% |
| Flash Point | >200 °C |
| Pour Point | -30 °C |
| Volatile Matter | <0.3% |
| Water Content | <0.05% |
| Color Apha | <100 |
| Acid Value | <0.05 mg KOH/g |
| Iodine Value | 25-35 g I2/100 g |
| Ash Content | <0.01% |
| Solubility | Soluble in hydrocarbons; insoluble in water |
As an accredited Polyisobutylene HRD-13 factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Packaging: Polyisobutylene HRD-13 is supplied in 180 kg steel drums, securely sealed for safe transport and storage. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | Loading Polyisobutylene HRD-13 into a 20′ FCL dry container, securely stowed, sealed, and shipped under standard conditions. |
| Shipping | Polyisobutylene HRD-13 is generally shipped as a non-hazardous, viscous polymer in steel drums, IBC totes, or bulk containers. Keep containers closed and store away from heat, ignition sources, and moisture. Use clean handling equipment to prevent contamination. Follow local transport regulations and the manufacturer’s SDS for documentation and safe handling. |
| Storage | Store Polyisobutylene HRD-13 in tightly closed, labeled original containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area. Protect from heat, direct sunlight, moisture, and contamination. Keep away from strong oxidizers, acids, bases, and ignition sources. Maintain moderate temperatures; use inert gas blanketing if recommended. Keep containers upright and follow SDS/local regulations. Avoid prolonged storage at elevated temperatures. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life: 24 months when stored unopened in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from heat and direct sunlight. |
Thermal ene grafting of Polyisobutylene HRD-13 into polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride (PIBSA) is the largest-volume downstream route for this grade. The operation is carried out in a jacketed 316L stainless steel reactor fitted with a pitched-blade agitator running at 80–120 rpm. The maleic anhydride charge is held between 1.3 mol and 1.6 mol per mole of HRD-13; a lower ratio leaves vinylidene sites unconverted, while a higher ratio increases overheads fouling. The bulk temperature is controlled at 200–230°C under a nitrogen sweep of 0.1–0.3 m³/h per tonne of reaction mass. Reaction progress is tracked by acid number according to ASTM D664, with the endpoint defined by a plateau rather than a fixed time. Vacuum stripping follows at 5 kPa absolute until free maleic anhydride falls below 0.1 wt%. Plant records from continuous PIBSA units show that terminal vinylidene content above 75% in HRD-13 shortens plateau time relative to conventional low-reactivity polybutene. The stripped PIBSA is then amidated with tetraethylenepentamine at 150–170°C, yielding a polyisobutenyl succinimide dispersant with nitrogen content 1.0–1.5 wt%. This intermediate is sold into crankcase additive packages at 3–8 wt% of the finished oil formulation. Compliance is documented under EC 1907/2006, and the lubricant additive package is screened using ASTM D874 for sulfated ash where metal-containing co-additives are present. HRD-13 is pre-dried at 60°C under vacuum if moisture exceeds 100 ppm; free water in the reactor promotes maleic anhydride hydrolysis and erratic acid number development.
| Operating variable | Control window | Analytical gate |
|---|---|---|
| Maleic anhydride charge ratio | 1.3–1.6 mol per 1 mol HRD-13 | batch metering record |
| Reactor bulk setpoint | 200–230°C | calibrated Pt100 thermowell |
| Agitator tip speed | 1.2–1.8 m/s | variable-frequency drive readout |
| Vacuum stripping pressure | 5 kPa absolute | Pirani gauge |
| Free maleic anhydride after stripping | below 0.1 wt% | ASTM D664 acid number plateau |
A fuel deposit control additive line imposes a different downstream purification sequence. The PIBSA produced from HRD-13 is amidated with a short-chain polyamine at 0.6–0.8 mol per mole of PIBSA to limit free amine carryover, then diluted in an aromatic solvent carrier. Residual unreacted PIB is controlled below 5 wt% because high-boiling hydrocarbon carryover contributes to injector tip deposits in the finished engine. The finished detergent is metered into gasoline at 120–400 ppm by mass, depending on base fuel cleanliness and targeted intake valve deposit performance. The treated fuel is qualified per ASTM D6201 on a port fuel injection engine; for direct injection engines, the same additive approach is screened with ASTM D5599 for oxygenate interference. The production line is operated with a wiped-film evaporator at 180°C and 0.2 kPa to strip residual maleic anhydride and light amine fractions. If the evaporator temperature exceeds 200°C, color bodies develop and deposit control efficacy drops. Factory acceptance for batches requires cleanliness testing by ASTM D6201 against a reference fuel without the additive. 40 CFR Part 79 registration and European Fuel Quality Directive 2009/30/EC govern the fuel additive route. Terminal products are deposit control packages for finished gasoline and more aggressive direct-injection fuel detergents.
When HRD-13 is used in solvent-borne pressure-sensitive adhesives, the drying tunnel must be staged into three zones to avoid blistered film. A typical formulation contains HRD-13 at 25–40 wt%, a hydrogenated hydrocarbon tackifier at 40–50 wt%, and toluene/ethyl acetate at 20–30 wt%. Mixing is performed in a closed high-shear disperser at 120°C under a nitrogen blanket; solvent is added only after the mass is cooled below 50°C to avoid flash losses. The coating is applied on a comma coater with a line speed between 5 m/min and 15 m/min, followed by a three-zone drying oven set at 70°C, 90°C, and 110°C. Residual solvent is measured by gas chromatography and must remain below 5 mg/m²; higher retention causes blistering and loop tack loss. Adhesion is tested per ASTM D6195 for loop tack and ASTM D3330 for 180° peel. Food contact uses for labels and surface protection films are evaluated under FDA 21 CFR 175.105. A limitation appears at HRD-13 doses above 40 wt%: the adhesive loses shear resistance and creeps on vertical surfaces, which can be detected by ASTM D3654 shear adhesion failure temperature. Published data for HRD-13 in UV-cured acrylic hybrid adhesives is limited; such systems require separate compatibility screening because terminal unsaturation can interact with photoinitiator kinetics. The terminal products are removable surface protection films, paper labels, and low-shear bonding tapes.
In cable flooding compounds, Polyisobutylene HRD-13 functions as the hydrophobic continuous phase in a thixotropic water-blocking gel. The compounding line preheats HRD-13 to 80°C before charging it to a planetary mixer; mineral oil is added at 20–30 wt%, while fumed silica is incorporated at 5–8 wt% under vacuum of −0.08 MPa. The final dispersion is passed through a high-shear homogenizer at 3,000 rpm for 20 min. Cone penetration is controlled per ISO 2137; oil separation is checked after 48 h at 80°C. Dielectric performance is qualified by ASTM D150 at 1 MHz and 23°C. A production bottleneck occurs if the homogenizer speed exceeds 5,000 rpm because the fumed silica network collapses and the gel does not recover its yield stress. Water blocking is validated by IEC 60794-1-22 on the finished cable construction. Published data for HRD-13 in power-cable insulation fillers is limited; qualification is therefore run on pilot twin-screw equipment before scale-up. The terminal product is the filling compound for loose-tube optical fiber cables and copper telecom flooding compounds, with compliance assessed under the cable manufacturer’s IEC 60332-1-2 fire propagation protocol where applicable.
Blending of HRD-13 as a bright stock replacement in an ISO VG 220 industrial gear oil is carried out at 60–70°C in a jacketed mixing vessel. The HRD-13 is added at 10–25 wt% to a PAO or Group II base oil. The blend is mixed with a high-shear impeller for 30–60 min; filtration follows through a 10 µm bag filter. Kinematic viscosity is measured by ASTM D445 at 40°C and 100°C, and the viscosity index is calculated per ASTM D2270. The formulation target is a VI above 95 without increasing low-temperature torque beyond the gearbox specification. Low-temperature behavior is screened by ASTM D2983 Brookfield viscosity at −12°C. Shear stability of HRD-13-based blends is lower than that of high-molecular-weight olefin copolymers; a 20 wt% HRD-13 blend may lose measurable viscosity after the ASTM D6278 shear test. For this reason, the dose is kept at the lower end of the range when the gearbox has a high slide-rolling ratio. The blended oil is finished as an industrial gear oil under ISO 12925-1 and is evaluated for rust protection per ASTM D665 procedure A. Batch viscosity drift can occur if the HRD-13 storage tank is not heated above 40°C before transfer. This application is less demanding on vinylidene functionality than dispersant synthesis, but residual moisture above 100 ppm can cause haze in the finished lubricant.
Compounding is performed in a double-arm sigma blade mixer at 130°C. HRD-13 is added at 30–50 phr to 100 phr butyl rubber, with carbon black 50–80 phr and hydrocarbon tackifier 40–70 phr. The batch is mixed until a Mooney viscosity plateau is observed, then devolatilized at −0.09 MPa to remove trapped air and moisture. The finished sealant is tested for moisture vapor transmission per ASTM F1249 and for low-temperature flexibility per ASTM D746. If HRD-13 is dosed above 50 phr, cold flow increases; edge seal failures in insulating glass units have been traced to overdosing. For insulating glass edge seals, the sealant must pass EN 1279-4 and the aging requirements referenced therein. Published data for HRD-13 at doses above 60 phr in this specific construction sealant configuration is limited; qualification trials are run on a pilot sigma mixer before production scale-up. The terminal product is a two-part or hot-applied edge seal for residential and commercial glazing, applied through heated gear-pump extrusion lines at 110–130°C.
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Polyisobutylene HRD-13 is a high-molecular-weight polyisobutylene homopolymer registered under Chemical Abstracts Service number 9003-27-4. The grade designation does not correspond to a single ISO or ASTM material class, and published data for this specific configuration is limited; therefore identity confirmation requires gel-permeation chromatography according to ISO 16014-1:2019 and density measurement according to ISO 1183-1:2019. At 23 °C and 50 % relative humidity the material is a rubbery solid with a density in the 0.91 g/cm³ to 0.93 g/cm³ range. Melt mass-flow rate measured under ISO 1133-1:2022 at 190 °C and 2.16 kg is not used as a release criterion for this molar-mass range because values fall below the practical resolution limit; solution viscosity according to DIN 53019 in cyclohexane or toluene is specified for lot-to-lot differentiation. Moisture content after storage at relative humidity above 60 % should be checked by ISO 15512:2019; pre-drying at 60 °C for 4 h in a dehumidifying hopper dryer is specified before melt processing because residual water expands in the melt and creates voids in extruded profiles.
Incoming lot control for HRD-13 records ash content by ISO 3451-1:2019 and volatile matter by ASTM D5668-21; these two methods detect catalyst residues and processing water that influence film clarity and adhesion reproducibility. A glass transition temperature between -70 °C and -64 °C is recorded by differential scanning calorimetry according to ISO 11357-2:2020, with no melting endotherm. The infrared spectrum should show the characteristic gem-dimethyl doublet at 1366 cm⁻¹ and 1390 cm⁻¹; the absence of a strong trans-vinylene band near 970 cm⁻¹ distinguishes the homopolymer from butyl rubber grades containing isoprene-derived unsaturation. Supplier-reported values are summarised in Table 1.
| Property | Method | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density | ISO 1183-1:2019 | 0.91–0.93 | g/cm³ |
| Glass transition temperature | ISO 11357-2:2020 | -70 to -64 | °C |
| Moisture content | ISO 15512:2019 | ≤ 0.10 | % by mass |
| Ash content | ISO 3451-1:2019 | ≤ 0.15 | % by mass |
| Volatile matter | ASTM D5668-21 | ≤ 0.50 | % by mass |
| Viscosity-average molar mass | ISO 16014-1:2019 with solution-viscometry correlation | 1.0–1.6 × 10⁶ | g/mol |
The viscosity-average molar mass window in Table 1 places HRD-13 in the high-molecular-weight PIB class. A shift in molar mass within the quoted specification band can alter adhesive cohesive strength and extrusion torque even when the lot is within release limits; the certificate of analysis must therefore report the exact solution-viscosity value, the solvent, the temperature, and the Mark-Houwink constants used for correlation. If the certificate omits these details, grade substitution against a qualified reference standard cannot be completed with confidence.
Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy of HRD-13 should show the asymmetric C–H deformation doublet at 1366 cm⁻¹ and 1390 cm⁻¹ characteristic of gem-dimethyl groups in polyisobutylene. The absence of a strong trans-vinylene absorption near 970 cm⁻¹ separates this homopolymer from butyl rubber containing isoprene-derived unsaturation. Differential scanning calorimetry according to ISO 11357-2:2020 records one glass transition between -70 °C and -64 °C and no melting endotherm. These features are necessary for incoming-grade acceptance but are not unique to HRD-13; the commercial lot certificate of analysis remains the controlling document for release limits.
On a 75 mm co-rotating twin-screw extruder with a length-to-diameter ratio of 44:1 and a strand die set at 170 °C, HRD-13 generates high melt viscosity and viscous heat. Raising screw speed from 200 rpm to 250 rpm can increase melt temperature by approximately 8 °C, but the actual rise depends on barrel-cooling capacity and screw geometry. Above 180 °C, chain scission is detected after 6 min as a continuous decrease in complex viscosity measured with a 25 mm parallel-plate rheometer and 1 mm gap. The product is therefore excluded from compounding lines that require 220 °C melt temperatures with polyamide or polyester carriers. Use of peroxide initiators is not recommended; free-radical attack on polyisobutylene produces low-molar-mass fragments rather than controlled grafting.
Feed-throat temperature is maintained below 35 °C because pellet surface tack increases above this threshold and promotes hopper bridging. A crammer feeder is specified at throughputs above 500 kg/h to prevent intermittent starve-feeding. In an internal mixer, a two-stage mixing schedule with 30 rpm rotor speed for 60 s polymer mastication before filler addition reduces early gel formation. For adhesive dissolution, cyclohexane at 40 °C under slow agitation is specified over cold aliphatic hydrocarbons; a 10 wt% solution should be checked by falling-ball viscosity at 4 h intervals until the viscosity plateau indicates complete solvation.
When HRD-13 is considered as a partial replacement for EPDM in non-curing sealants, the service-temperature ceiling is reduced because polyisobutylene has no ethylene-propylene crystallinity and no crosslinked network. Retention of elongation after hot-air ageing at 100 °C for 168 h according to ISO 188:2023 is lower than for EPDM compounds; HRD-13 contributes conformability and tack, but not high-temperature elastic recovery. The absence of diene cure sites means sulfur, quinoid, and phenolic-resin cure cycles do not crosslink the PIB phase.
HRD-13 is not a rosin-ester tackifier; it is added at 5 wt% to 15 wt% in styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer formulations to increase cohesive strength and reduce cold-flow. Loop tack is measured by ASTM D6195-22; 180° peel adhesion is measured by ASTM D3330/D3330M-04 after 24 h dwell on stainless steel. The formulation is considered pressure-sensitive when the storage modulus at 1 Hz and 25 °C remains below 0.1 MPa; HRD-13 raises the high-temperature modulus plateau but has less effect on the low-frequency loss factor than a high-softening-point resin. Low-molecular-weight PIB migrates to the adhesive-substrate interface rapidly; HRD-13 retards interfacial enrichment because its molar mass is approximately two orders of magnitude higher, reducing bleed-out onto release liners after 7 d at 70 °C. Solvent-borne films are checked for haze by ASTM D1003-21 on 50 μm wet-cast films; microgels from incomplete dissolution appear as haze above 2 %.
In hot-melt adhesive extrusion, HRD-13 cannot be metered as a liquid at ambient pressure and is side-fed as pellets into a high-torque twin-screw mixer. The feed zone is cooled to keep pellets free-flowing; liquid tackifier injection occurs downstream after the polymer has dispersed in the elastomer phase. This sequence prevents slippage and unmelted polymer carryover that would otherwise reduce peel adhesion repeatability in ASTM D3330/D3330M-04 testing.
HRD-13 can also be evaluated as a viscosity-index improver in nonpolar lubricant base stocks, but shear stability must be measured separately because polymer molar mass above 1.0 × 10⁶ g/mol is vulnerable to mechanical chain scission in high-speed journal bearings. Evaluation is performed by sonic shear stability per ASTM D2603-19 or tapered roller bearing shear stability per DIN 51350-6; a reduction in kinematic viscosity after shear indicates permanent shear degradation. High-molecular-weight PIB is not the preferred thickener for high-shear gear oils unless the finished viscosity classification is confirmed after the shear test.
Table 2 gives the selection framework. Direct substitution on a parts-per-hundred-rubber basis is invalid because the three product classes are characterised by different standard methods.
| Characteristic | HRD-13 high-Mw PIB | Low-Mw PIB/polybutene | Butyl rubber |
|---|---|---|---|
| Molar mass characterisation | ISO 16014-1:2019 plus solution viscometry; Mv class 1.0–1.6 × 10⁶ g/mol | ASTM D445-21 kinematic viscosity at 100 °C | Mooney viscosity ML 1+8 at 125 °C by ISO 289-1:2014 or ASTM D1646-19 |
| Handling form at 23 °C | rubbery pellet/crumb | liquid to viscous liquid | bale or pellet, crosslinkable |
| Unsaturation | terminal unsaturation only; no isoprene comonomer | low, depends on catalyst | 1–2 mol% isoprene-derived unsaturation |
| Primary function in adhesives | cohesive strength, cold-flow resistance | tackifier/plasticiser | barrier or damping elastomer |
| Crosslinking behaviour | not sulfur-crosslinkable | not crosslinkable | sulfur-, quinoid-, or peroxide-curable depending on grade |
The method differences in Table 2 mean that a low-Mw PIB lot is checked by ASTM D445-21 kinematic viscosity at 100 °C, while HRD-13 falls outside that method’s practical range and is checked by solution viscometry or GPC. Butyl rubber offers crosslinkability and gas permeation resistance, whereas HRD-13 provides lower crosslinker residue and is specified when sulfur bloom or quinoid staining is unacceptable in light-coloured compounds. Low-Mw PIB functions as a plasticiser and tackifier; HRD-13 functions as an elastomeric base with higher cohesive strength and lower room-temperature flow.
Regulatory documentation for HRD-13 should include a REACH registration number for 9003-27-4 and lot-specific information on residual monomers or solvents. RoHS direct substance restrictions do not apply to the neat polymer; conformity is evaluated on the finished electrical and electronic equipment article.
Compatibility limits remain. HRD-13 should not be compounded with unsaturated polyester resins or with dibenzoyl peroxide at elevated temperature because radical attack produces chain scission and exudate. Halogenated adhesion promoters are not automatically compatible; under ultraviolet exposure, hydride abstraction from polyisobutylene can accelerate gel formation. Published data for this specific configuration is limited for high-energy radiation exposure, but dose rates above 25 kGy are reported to reduce molar mass in polyisobutylene homopolymer. Long-term heat exposure above 80 °C requires a hindered phenolic antioxidant; retention of tensile properties after air ageing is evaluated by ISO 188:2023, and antioxidant type is verified by extraction and chromatographic analysis against the certificate of analysis. Food-contact use must be confirmed against 21 CFR 177.1420 for the specific HRD-13 lot because additive packages are not automatically included in that regulation.
